Passive and Active Voice

When we are interested in Object instead of Subject we use Passive Form of the sentence.

For Example:

Ram killed Ravana.

will be changed to 

Ravana was killed by Ram.

If we are writing story of Ravana instead of Ram, we use this passive form here.

Now we should know how to identify the object in a sentence-

Let the following sentence is there-

Ram gave me a book.

Here gave is the Verb and we add 'What, क्या' or To Whom, किसको ' to the verb we get 'a book' and 'me' both. Both of these are objects. By 'What' we get 'a book' that is a Thing as Direct Object and by 'To Whom' we get 'me' that is a Person as Indirect Object.

Now following four rules are there to convert Active to Passive-

1. Object is changed to Subject.

2. Subject is moved to the place of an object following with 'by' to the end.

3. Third form of Verb is used.

4. Tenses are changed as follows-

                              Present               Past             Future

Indefinite               is,am,are           was,were     will be, Shall be

Continuous             is,am,are           was, were            X

                              being                 being

Perfect                   has, have             had             will/shall

                              been                  been            have been

Perfect Continuous       X                      X                    X

So Ram gave me a book will be changed to -

I was given a book by Ram.

Or

A book was given me by Ram.

Forms of Subjects or Object are used accordingly as-

Subjective form               Objective Form

            I                                Me

           We                              Us

          You                             You

           He                              Him

          She                              Her

         They                            Them

          It                                 It

Imperative sentences are the sentences in which Subject You is hidden and it starts with a Verb. In Imperative sentences the following rules are applied-

Let + Object + be + IIIrd Form of Verb + .............

For Example:

Open the Door.

Let the door be opened.

But if an Imperative starts with 'Do not' the following syntax is applied-

Let + Object +  not be + IIIrd Form of Verb + ..................

Sentences that starts with 'Please' will be changed as follows-

You are requested + to + sentence.

Some sentences that do not have object will be changed as follows-

You are ordered/advised + to + sentence.

Next : Direct and Indirect Narrations

Truly Yours

Anubhav Sharma